Shisan Zukan
日本語

Largest estimated dividend income (from #1901)

Estimated annual dividends received: shares held × dividend per share, including asset-management companies. (24,470 people)

IndividualsNet worthTotal incomeDividendsTaxesInheritance tax
Corporate shareholdersCorporate holdersCorporate dividends
RankName Net worthPayDividendsTotal incomeTaxes
1901 Toshihiro Sanbe
Honda Motor Co., Ltd., Chair of the Board
Worth ¥1.1BIncome ¥30.3MTax ¥6.2M
 ¥1.1B — ¥30.3M ¥30.3M ¥6.2M
1902 Kuji Imamura
The Imamura Securities Co.,Ltd., Representative Director
Worth ¥731MPay ¥19.8Mest.Income ¥50.1MTax ¥19.0M
 ¥731M ¥19.8Mest. ¥30.3M ¥50.1M ¥19.0M
1903 Naoyuki Kubo
Loadstar Capital K.K., Director
Worth ¥1.1BIncome ¥30.3MTax ¥6.2M
 ¥1.1B — ¥30.3M ¥30.3M ¥6.2M
1904 Takamaro Naraki
Nihon M&A Center Holdings Inc., Executive Vice President & Director
Worth ¥1.1BPay ¥180MIncome ¥210MTax ¥99.7M
 ¥1.1B ¥180M ¥30.3M ¥210M ¥99.7M
1905 Atsushi Yoshida
Bourbon Corporation
Worth ¥2.4BIncome ¥30.2MTax ¥6.1M
 ¥2.4B — ¥30.2M ¥30.2M ¥6.1M
1906 Yuki Kobayashi
Direct Marketing MiX Inc., Director (+1 more)
Worth ¥4.0BPay ¥6.1Mest.Income ¥36.3MTax ¥11.9M
 ¥4.0B ¥6.1Mest. ¥30.2M ¥36.3M ¥11.9M
1907 Hiroyoshi Tsukamoto
Tokai Lease Co.,Ltd., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥785MPay ¥18.5Mest.Income ¥48.7MTax ¥18.2M
 ¥785M ¥18.5Mest. ¥30.2M ¥48.7M ¥18.2M
1908 Hirotoshi Fukumura
ディーエムソリューションズ株式会社, Executive Vice President & Director
Worth ¥1.8BPay ¥32.0Mest.Income ¥62.2MTax ¥21.1M
 ¥1.8B ¥32.0Mest. ¥30.2M ¥62.2M ¥21.1M
1909 Chuuichi Date
札幌臨床検査センター株式会社, Representative Director
Worth ¥1.5BPay ¥17.3Mest.Income ¥47.4MTax ¥5.1M
 ¥1.5B ¥17.3Mest. ¥30.2M ¥47.4M ¥5.1M
1910 Katsuhiko Muraoka
Shinhokoku Material Corp. (+3 more)
Worth ¥1.0BIncome ¥30.1MTax ¥9.1M
 ¥1.0B — ¥30.1M ¥30.1M ¥9.1M
1911 Momoko Horikoshi
Marubun Corporation
Worth ¥862MIncome ¥30.1MTax ¥6.1M
 ¥862M — ¥30.1M ¥30.1M ¥6.1M
1912 Yasukazu Okinaka
MEDICAL SYSTEM NETWORK Co., Ltd.
Worth ¥1.5BIncome ¥30.1MTax ¥9.8M
 ¥1.5B — ¥30.1M ¥30.1M ¥9.8M
1913 Naohiro Sato
アセンテック株式会社, Chairman of the Board
Worth ¥2.6BPay ¥14.8Mest.Income ¥44.9MTax ¥16.0M
 ¥2.6B ¥14.8Mest. ¥30.0M ¥44.9M ¥16.0M
1914 Masatsugu Furukawa
Startia Holdings,Inc., Director
Worth ¥773MIncome ¥30.0MTax ¥6.1M
 ¥773M — ¥30.0M ¥30.0M ¥6.1M
1915 Kazuaki Oshita
Fumakillalimited, Representative Director (+1 more)
Worth ¥1.5BPay ¥19.7Mest.Income ¥49.7MTax ¥8.1M
 ¥1.5B ¥19.7Mest. ¥30.0M ¥49.7M ¥8.1M
1916 Akimasa Ijichi
AXYZ Co., Ltd
Worth ¥1.9BIncome ¥30.0MTax ¥9.8M
 ¥1.9B — ¥30.0M ¥30.0M ¥9.8M
1917 Yasumasa Ijichi
AXYZ Co., Ltd
Worth ¥3.1BIncome ¥30.0MTax ¥9.8M
 ¥3.1B — ¥30.0M ¥30.0M ¥9.8M
1918 Katsuyuki Inage
フリュー株式会社
Worth ¥1.5BIncome ¥30.0MTax ¥6.1M
 ¥1.5B — ¥30.0M ¥30.0M ¥6.1M
1919 Koji Yoshimura
JCR Pharmaceuticals Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥876MIncome ¥30.0MTax ¥6.1M
 ¥876M — ¥30.0M ¥30.0M ¥6.1M
1920 Miki Otsuka
Wdb Holdings Co.,Ltd., Senior Managing Director (+1 more)
Worth ¥1.1BPay ¥46.5Mest.Income ¥76.5MTax ¥25.0M
 ¥1.1B ¥46.5Mest. ¥30.0M ¥76.5M ¥25.0M
1921 Takayuki Tsujimura
Cross Plus Inc.
Worth ¥916MIncome ¥30.0MTax ¥9.8M
 ¥916M — ¥30.0M ¥30.0M ¥9.8M
1922 Shin Tanaka
Kura Sushi,Inc., Executive Vice President & Director
Worth ¥13.8BPay ¥14.0Mest.Income ¥44.0MTax ¥15.6M
 ¥13.8B ¥14.0Mest. ¥30.0M ¥44.0M ¥15.6M
1923 Sachiko Hagiwara
萩原電気ホールディングス株式会社
Worth ¥607MIncome ¥30.0MTax ¥6.1M
 ¥607M — ¥30.0M ¥30.0M ¥6.1M
1924 Ichiro Sakai
Sakai Heavy Industries, Ltd., Representative Director (+1 more)
Worth ¥881MPay ¥60.9Mest.Income ¥90.9MTax ¥41.8M
 ¥881M ¥60.9Mest. ¥30.0M ¥90.9M ¥41.8M
1925 Toshiko Izome
Moriroku Company, Ltd.
Worth ¥796MIncome ¥30.0MTax ¥6.1M
 ¥796M — ¥30.0M ¥30.0M ¥6.1M
1926 Satoshi Masumura
Takasago International Corporation, President, Representative Director & Executive Officer
Worth ¥367MPay ¥30.1Mest.Income ¥60.1MTax ¥16.5M
 ¥367M ¥30.1Mest. ¥29.9M ¥60.1M ¥16.5M
1927 Yuko Kurodo
DAIICHI KOUTSU SANGYO Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥1.1BIncome ¥29.9MTax ¥9.8M
 ¥1.1B — ¥29.9M ¥29.9M ¥9.8M
1928 Taishi Nakai
GAKUJO CO.,Ltd., Representative Director
Worth ¥991MPay ¥57.0Mest.Income ¥86.9MTax ¥30.9M
 ¥991M ¥57.0Mest. ¥29.9M ¥86.9M ¥30.9M
1929 Koji Tsukamoto
G-7 HOLDINGS Inc.
Worth ¥605MIncome ¥29.8MTax ¥6.1M
 ¥605M — ¥29.8M ¥29.8M ¥6.1M
1930 Toshihiko Fukui
Traders Holdings Co.,Ltd. (+1 more)
Worth ¥885MIncome ¥29.8MTax ¥6.1M
 ¥885M — ¥29.8M ¥29.8M ¥6.1M
1931 Shigetoshi Ota
Mino Ceramic Co., Ltd., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥1.1BPay ¥37.2Mest.Income ¥67.0MTax ¥14.1M
 ¥1.1B ¥37.2Mest. ¥29.8M ¥67.0M ¥14.1M
1932 Ryota Kuze
St.Cousair CO.,LTD., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥1.5BPay ¥12.3Mest.Income ¥42.0MTax ¥14.6M
 ¥1.5B ¥12.3Mest. ¥29.8M ¥42.0M ¥14.6M
1933 Asaun Horii
TAKANO CO.,Ltd.
Worth ¥1.7BIncome ¥29.7MTax ¥9.7M
 ¥1.7B — ¥29.7M ¥29.7M ¥9.7M
1934 Kazuya Kido
Candoco.,Ltd., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥8.7BPay ¥18.3Mest.Income ¥48.1MTax ¥17.9M
 ¥8.7B ¥18.3Mest. ¥29.7M ¥48.1M ¥17.9M
1935 Tomihiro Takamatsu
DyDo GROUP HOLDINGS,INC.
Worth ¥3.6BIncome ¥29.7MTax ¥6.0M
 ¥3.6B — ¥29.7M ¥29.7M ¥6.0M
1936 Miwa Kobayashi
Mimaki Engineering Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥866MIncome ¥29.7MTax ¥6.0M
 ¥866M — ¥29.7M ¥29.7M ¥6.0M
1937 Keisuke Igarashi
Artnature Inc., Managing Director
Worth ¥1.3BPay ¥66.0Mest.Income ¥95.7MTax ¥35.9M
 ¥1.3B ¥66.0Mest. ¥29.7M ¥95.7M ¥35.9M
1938 Keiichiro Tsukamoto
株式会社インプレスホールディングス
Worth ¥1.8BIncome ¥29.7MTax ¥9.6M
 ¥1.8B — ¥29.7M ¥29.7M ¥9.6M
1939 Toyoko Mori
Moriroku Company, Ltd.
Worth ¥850MIncome ¥29.6MTax ¥6.0M
 ¥850M — ¥29.6M ¥29.6M ¥6.0M
1940 Taizo Matsumoto
株式会社ファイバーゲート
Worth ¥2.3BIncome ¥29.6MTax ¥9.6M
 ¥2.3B — ¥29.6M ¥29.6M ¥9.6M
1941 Kazumitsu Shimojima
SHIMOJIMA Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥1.1BIncome ¥29.6MTax ¥6.0M
 ¥1.1B — ¥29.6M ¥29.6M ¥6.0M
1942 Shinichi Sakai
Koken Ltd., Chairman & Representative Director
Worth ¥1.4BPay ¥31.2Mest.Income ¥60.7MTax ¥24.9M
 ¥1.4B ¥31.2Mest. ¥29.6M ¥60.7M ¥24.9M
1943 Hiroyuki Sakai
Koken Ltd., Director (+1 more)
Worth ¥1.4BPay ¥6.7Mest.Income ¥36.2MTax ¥11.4M
 ¥1.4B ¥6.7Mest. ¥29.5M ¥36.2M ¥11.4M
1944 Nobuaki Takahashi
Phil Company,Inc., Chairman of the Board
Worth ¥3.9BPay ¥16.2Mest.Income ¥45.8MTax ¥13.4M
 ¥3.9B ¥16.2Mest. ¥29.5M ¥45.8M ¥13.4M
1945 Hiroshige Mimura
Visual Processing Japan Co., Ltd., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥1.6BPay ¥13.8Mest.Income ¥43.2MTax ¥5.8M
 ¥1.6B ¥13.8Mest. ¥29.4M ¥43.2M ¥5.8M
1946 Kyoko Tanaka
DAIICHI KOUTSU SANGYO Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥1.1BIncome ¥29.4MTax ¥6.0M
 ¥1.1B — ¥29.4M ¥29.4M ¥6.0M
1947 Yoko Kyugo
San Holdings,Inc.
Worth ¥1.1BIncome ¥29.3MTax ¥9.5M
 ¥1.1B — ¥29.3M ¥29.3M ¥9.5M
1948 Hidenori Nozaki
Oriental Consultants Holdings Company Limited, Representative Director
Worth ¥485MPay ¥12.8Mest.Income ¥42.1MTax ¥8.1M
 ¥485M ¥12.8Mest. ¥29.3M ¥42.1M ¥8.1M
1949 Shigenaka Kanamoto
Kanamoto Co., Ltd., Full-time Audit & Supervisory Board Member
Worth ¥1.3BPay ¥13.0Mest.Income ¥42.3MTax ¥8.2M
 ¥1.3B ¥13.0Mest. ¥29.3M ¥42.3M ¥8.2M
1950 Tatsuo Higuchi
Otsuka Holdings Co., Ltd., Director
Worth ¥2.1BIncome ¥29.3MTax ¥5.9M
 ¥2.1B — ¥29.3M ¥29.3M ¥5.9M
1951 Shintaro Suhara
Es Networks Co., Ltd. (+2 more)
Worth ¥844MIncome ¥29.3MTax ¥271,374
 ¥844M — ¥29.3M ¥29.3M ¥271,374
1952 Masaharu Chonan
株式会社トレジャー・ファクトリー
Worth ¥1.4BIncome ¥29.2MTax ¥5.9M
 ¥1.4B — ¥29.2M ¥29.2M ¥5.9M
1953 Hideshi Kumaoka
B-Lot Company Limited
Worth ¥610MIncome ¥29.2MTax ¥5.9M
 ¥610M — ¥29.2M ¥29.2M ¥5.9M
1954 Hiroshi Tanaka
T.RAD Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥525MIncome ¥29.1MTax ¥5.9M
 ¥525M — ¥29.1M ¥29.1M ¥5.9M
1955 Kenichi Nakakita
Nakakita Seisakusho Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥1.6BIncome ¥29.0MTax ¥9.4M
 ¥1.6B — ¥29.0M ¥29.0M ¥9.4M
1956 Akira Ito
CHANGE Holdings, Inc., Director
Worth ¥10.2BPay ¥43.7Mest.Income ¥72.7MTax ¥23.2M
 ¥10.2B ¥43.7Mest. ¥29.0M ¥72.7M ¥23.2M
1957 Horyu Wang
Jp-Holdings,Inc.
Worth ¥6.6BIncome ¥29.0MTax ¥5.9M
 ¥6.6B — ¥29.0M ¥29.0M ¥5.9M
1958 Hiromasa Nakao
Create Medic Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥834MIncome ¥29.0MTax ¥9.3M
 ¥834M — ¥29.0M ¥29.0M ¥9.3M
1959 Daisuke Yoneyama
Hokuryo Co., Ltd., Chairman & Representative Director, CEO
Worth ¥794MPay ¥32.6Mest.Income ¥61.6MTax ¥17.6M
 ¥794M ¥32.6Mest. ¥29.0M ¥61.6M ¥17.6M
1960 Shinichiro Fujisaki
Aucnet Inc., President & Representative Director, CEO
Worth ¥2.4BPay ¥119MIncome ¥148MTax ¥65.1M
 ¥2.4B ¥119M ¥29.0M ¥148M ¥65.1M
1961 Atsuhiko Yamazaki
Yamashin-Filter Corp., President, Representative Director & Executive Officer
Worth ¥1.4BPay ¥180MIncome ¥209MTax ¥99.5M
 ¥1.4B ¥180M ¥29.0M ¥209M ¥99.5M
1962 Takeharu Takahashi
Takahashi Curtain Wall Corporation, President, Representative Director & Executive Officer
Worth ¥1.1BPay ¥32.3Mest.Income ¥61.3MTax ¥25.3M
 ¥1.1B ¥32.3Mest. ¥28.9M ¥61.3M ¥25.3M
1963 Tetsuya Ishihara
CHANGE Holdings, Inc.
Worth ¥9.2BIncome ¥28.9MTax ¥5.9M
 ¥9.2B — ¥28.9M ¥28.9M ¥5.9M
1964 Hideshi Murakami
ITFOR Inc
Worth ¥663MIncome ¥28.9MTax ¥5.9M
 ¥663M — ¥28.9M ¥28.9M ¥5.9M
1965 Kayoko Hashimoto
Kimura Unity Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥835MIncome ¥28.8MTax ¥5.9M
 ¥835M — ¥28.8M ¥28.8M ¥5.9M
1966 Mikiyuki Miura
grems,Inc., Director
Worth ¥1.0BIncome ¥28.8MTax ¥5.9M
 ¥1.0B — ¥28.8M ¥28.8M ¥5.9M
1967 Jiro Ishizuka
SEMITEC Corporation
Worth ¥3.1BIncome ¥28.8MTax ¥9.3M
 ¥3.1B — ¥28.8M ¥28.8M ¥9.3M
1968 Kenshi Hamamoto
Optimus Group Company Limited (+6 more)
Worth ¥1.5BIncome ¥28.7MTax ¥5.8M
 ¥1.5B — ¥28.7M ¥28.7M ¥5.8M
1969 Hiroshi Takahashi
Meiko Trans Co.,Ltd., President & Representative Director (+1 more)
Worth ¥1.2BPay ¥74.8Mest.Income ¥104MTax ¥40.6M
 ¥1.2B ¥74.8Mest. ¥28.7M ¥104M ¥40.6M
1970 Yoichi Nakagawa
Hanwa Co.,Ltd., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥392MPay ¥59.2Mest.Income ¥88.0MTax ¥31.9M
 ¥392M ¥59.2Mest. ¥28.7M ¥88.0M ¥31.9M
1971 Ryo Ryuike
Elitz Holdings Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥912MIncome ¥28.7MTax ¥724,387
 ¥912M — ¥28.7M ¥28.7M ¥724,387
1972 Yasumasa Akatsuka
Kakiyasu Honten Co.,Ltd., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥1.2BPay ¥59.0Mest.Income ¥87.6MTax ¥31.7M
 ¥1.2B ¥59.0Mest. ¥28.6M ¥87.6M ¥31.7M
1973 Taichi Satomi
Nihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd., Chairman & Representative Director
Worth ¥1.3BPay ¥117MIncome ¥146MTax ¥64.2M
 ¥1.3B ¥117M ¥28.6M ¥146M ¥64.2M
1974 Mahendra Negishi
Trend Micro Incorporated, Executive Vice President & Representative Director, CFO
Worth ¥1.8BPay ¥170MIncome ¥198MTax ¥93.8M
 ¥1.8B ¥170M ¥28.5M ¥198M ¥93.8M
1975 Hidetake Takahashi
Orix Corporation, Director
Worth ¥878MIncome ¥28.5MTax ¥5.8M
 ¥878M — ¥28.5M ¥28.5M ¥5.8M
1976 Takumi Morisaka
Universal Engeisha Co.,Ltd, Chairman & Representative Director
Worth ¥6.8BPay ¥13.4Mest.Income ¥41.8MTax ¥8.4M
 ¥6.8B ¥13.4Mest. ¥28.4M ¥41.8M ¥8.4M
1977 Kasumi Nezu
Tobu Railway Co.,Ltd., Chairman of the Board
Worth ¥1.4BPay ¥50.4Mest.Income ¥78.8MTax ¥26.9M
 ¥1.4B ¥50.4Mest. ¥28.4M ¥78.8M ¥26.9M
1978 Kimiko Ishii
Ksk Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥799MIncome ¥28.4MTax ¥5.8M
 ¥799M — ¥28.4M ¥28.4M ¥5.8M
1979 Akira Okubo
MUGEN ESTATE Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥491MIncome ¥28.4MTax ¥5.8M
 ¥491M — ¥28.4M ¥28.4M ¥5.8M
1980 Shinichi Utaka
Ifuji Sangyo Co., Ltd.
Worth ¥887MIncome ¥28.3MTax ¥9.1M
 ¥887M — ¥28.3M ¥28.3M ¥9.1M
1981 Nobuhiro Nakamura
Tohbu Network Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥1.8BIncome ¥28.3MTax ¥9.0M
 ¥1.8B — ¥28.3M ¥28.3M ¥9.0M
1982 Hisanao Mitsu
COSMOS INITIA Co., Ltd. (+3 more)
Worth ¥1.3BIncome ¥28.3MTax ¥5.8M
 ¥1.3B — ¥28.3M ¥28.3M ¥5.8M
1983 Yoshiki Nakazawa
ERIホールディングス株式会社
Worth ¥393MIncome ¥28.3MTax ¥5.7M
 ¥393M — ¥28.3M ¥28.3M ¥5.7M
1984 Yuji Kotani
EJ Holdings Inc., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥998MPay ¥15.2Mest.Income ¥43.5MTax ¥8.9M
 ¥998M ¥15.2Mest. ¥28.3M ¥43.5M ¥8.9M
1985 Sumihiko Ichihara
Axell Corporation
Worth ¥807MIncome ¥28.3MTax ¥9.0M
 ¥807M — ¥28.3M ¥28.3M ¥9.0M
1986 Akio Nakanishi
Nakanishi Mfg.Co.,Ltd.
Worth ¥784MIncome ¥28.3MTax ¥9.0M
 ¥784M — ¥28.3M ¥28.3M ¥9.0M
1987 Hirofumi Tange
NEW ART HOLDINGS Co., Ltd.
Worth ¥650MIncome ¥28.2MTax ¥5.7M
 ¥650M — ¥28.2M ¥28.2M ¥5.7M
1988 Shimako Sumikawa
Yondoshi Holdings Inc.
Worth ¥759MIncome ¥28.2MTax ¥5.7M
 ¥759M — ¥28.2M ¥28.2M ¥5.7M
1989 Kazuma Utaka
Ifuji Sangyo Co., Ltd.
Worth ¥883MIncome ¥28.2MTax ¥9.0M
 ¥883M — ¥28.2M ¥28.2M ¥9.0M
1990 Moritaka Sakamoto
Arclands Corporation, Director
Worth ¥1.5BIncome ¥28.2MTax ¥5.7M
 ¥1.5B — ¥28.2M ¥28.2M ¥5.7M
1991 Masaaki Hashimoto
Hashimoto Sogyo Holdings Co.,Ltd., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥1.5BIncome ¥28.1MTax ¥5.7M
 ¥1.5B — ¥28.1M ¥28.1M ¥5.7M
1992 Hirotoku Yao
Sk Japan Co., Ltd., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥708MPay ¥37.9Mest.Income ¥66.1MTax ¥28.0M
 ¥708M ¥37.9Mest. ¥28.1M ¥66.1M ¥28.0M
1993 Yoshihiko Yamada
tacmina corporation
Worth ¥1.1BIncome ¥28.1MTax ¥9.0M
 ¥1.1B — ¥28.1M ¥28.1M ¥9.0M
1994 Mitsumasa Matsunaga
Sanshin Electronics Co., Ltd., Chairman of the Board
Worth ¥562MPay ¥7.5Mest.Income ¥35.6MTax ¥6.5M
 ¥562M ¥7.5Mest. ¥28.1M ¥35.6M ¥6.5M
1995 Mitsuru Usui
System Integrator Corp., Senior Managing Director
Worth ¥1.4BPay ¥23.4Mest.Income ¥51.5MTax ¥19.9M
 ¥1.4B ¥23.4Mest. ¥28.1M ¥51.5M ¥19.9M
1996 Eiji Terada
Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited (+4 more)
Worth ¥1.5BIncome ¥28.1MTax ¥5.7M
 ¥1.5B — ¥28.1M ¥28.1M ¥5.7M
1997 Masahiko Oga
Daikokutenbussan Co.,Ltd., President & Representative Director
Worth ¥3.3BPay ¥9.3Mest.Income ¥37.4MTax ¥12.4M
 ¥3.3B ¥9.3Mest. ¥28.1M ¥37.4M ¥12.4M
1998 Naoto Horikawa
株式会社ウィザス
Worth ¥1.1BIncome ¥28.1MTax ¥8.9M
 ¥1.1B — ¥28.1M ¥28.1M ¥8.9M
1999 Masayoshi Fujimoto
Sojitz Corporation, Chairman & Representative Director
Worth ¥1.4BPay ¥85.1Mest.Income ¥113MTax ¥46.2M
 ¥1.4B ¥85.1Mest. ¥28.1M ¥113M ¥46.2M
2000 Taishi Sato
Halows Co.,Ltd., Executive Vice President & Director
Worth ¥3.4BPay ¥21.2Mest.Income ¥49.3MTax ¥11.4M
 ¥3.4B ¥21.2Mest. ¥28.1M ¥49.3M ¥11.4M
Estimates from annual securities reports (EDINET). Names are romanized automatically. ¥ amounts: B = billion, T = trillion. Methodology